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IPv4 Addressing

Address space facts that matter operationally — which ranges you can use, which ones upstreams and filters will drop, and how carrier-grade NAT changes planning assumptions.

Private IP ranges
RFC 1918 space and where it causes collisions.
Reserved & bogon ranges
What never routes, and what filters drop.
CGNAT
RFC 6598 space, port budgets, and operational cost.
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